During a 2-year observation period at a 2,200-bed university hospital, bacteremia due to Enterococcus faecalis was observed in 111 patients. Fifty-five patients with nosocomial bacteremia due to E. faecalis could be evaluated. The most common entry sites were the urinary tract (25%), the intraabdominal cavity (13%), and burn and decubital wounds (11%). Bacteremia was preceded by administration of cephalosporins, imipenem, and aztreonam (n = 39); ciprofloxacin (n = 11); and other antibiotics (n = 4). Age, sex, underlying disease, portal of entry, previous antibiotic therapy, and bacteremia due to other organisms had no influence on mortality. Treatment of bacteremia with penicillins (n = 45) and glycopeptides (n = 4) resulted in a mortality rate of 37%. The addition of a high-dose aminoglycoside to a penicillin did not result in a better survival rate.