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葡萄膜炎：病因、临床表现和诊断

Author
James T Rosenbaum, MD
Section Editor
Jonathan Trobe, MD
Deputy Editor
Paul L Romain, MD

引言

葡萄膜炎是一种眼内炎症病程，可由多种病因引起。大多数提示有葡萄膜炎症的患者需要转诊到眼科专科医生处。

本专题主要介绍葡萄膜炎及其亚类的定义、其与全身性疾病的鉴别诊断，以及非眼科医生在葡萄膜炎患者的诊断性评估中的作用。

葡萄膜炎的治疗参见其他专题。 (参见“葡萄膜炎的治疗”)

定义

葡萄膜为眼球的中层。这一术语源于“葡萄”的拉丁语，因为解剖学家曾认为在剥去眼球外层后，其下方结构状如葡萄。葡萄膜前部包括虹膜和睫状体，后部称为脉络膜(图 1)。

●前葡萄膜的炎症称为前葡萄膜炎，与虹膜炎同义。炎症累及相邻的睫状体时，这一病程就称为虹膜睫状体炎[1]。

               

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-02-24.
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