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脑静脉血栓形成的治疗和预后

Authors
José M Ferro, MD, PhD
Patrícia Canhão, MD, PhD
Section Editor
Scott E Kasner, MD
Deputy Editor
John F Dashe, MD, PhD
Translators
张长青, 主治医师

引言

脑静脉血栓形成(cerebral venous thrombosis, CVT)是一种少见但严重的疾病。其临床表现包括头痛、视乳头水肿、视力丧失、局灶性或广泛性癫痫发作、局灶性神经功能缺损、意识模糊、意识改变和昏迷。

许多病例与遗传性和获得性血栓形成倾向、妊娠、产褥期、感染和恶性肿瘤有关。CVT引起的梗死通常为出血性梗死，并伴有相关的血管性水肿。 (参见“脑静脉系统血栓形成的病因、临床特征和诊断”)

一旦确认诊断就应该立刻开始治疗，治疗包括逆转已知的潜在病因，控制癫痫发作和颅内压增高以及抗血栓治疗。抗凝是CVT急性期和亚急性期治疗的主要手段。

本专题将总结CVT的治疗和预后。该病的其他方面将单独讨论。 (参见“脑静脉系统血栓形成的病因、临床特征和诊断”)

预后

CVT可导致死亡或永久性残疾，但通常预后良好。

                     

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-06-01.
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