每日短时家庭血液透析：低透析液容量法
- Authors
- Joel D Glickman, MD
Joel D Glickman, MD
- Professor of Clinical Medicine
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
- Thomas A Golper, MD
Thomas A Golper, MD
- Section Editor — Dialysis
- Professor of Medicine
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Section Editors
- Jeffrey S Berns, MD
Jeffrey S Berns, MD
- Editor-in-Chief — Nephrology
- Section Editor — Dialysis
- Professor of Medicine
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
- John M Burkart, MD
John M Burkart, MD
- Section Editor — Dialysis
- Professor of Medicine/Nephrology
- Wake Forest University Medical Center
- Deputy Editor
- Alice M Sheridan, MD
Alice M Sheridan, MD
- Deputy Editor — Nephrology
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
- Translators
- 叶朝阳, 主任医师，教授
叶朝阳, 主任医师，教授
- 第二军医大学附属长征医院肾内科
引言
在过去十年里，每日家庭透析的使用增加。该增加的动因在于，人们越来越意识到与传统的血液透析中心一周3次的血液透析(hemodialysis, HD)相比，家庭透析和每日短时血液透析能带来更好的结局和更高的生活质量。 (参见“Short daily hemodialysis”和“家庭血液透析”)
这种趋势促进了可在血液透析中心外使用的有效血液透析装置的开发。虽然传统的血液透析机已用于家庭透析，但是这类机器通常采用较高的透析流速。高流速可能增加水电成本，常需改装家用电路和/或水管，这使得该类机器的应用对部分患者而言是不切实际的[1]。本专题将总结家用血液透析机的必备条件以及NxStage用来开发有效的家用透析机的方法。
有关家用血液透析、每日短时血液透析和夜间血液透析的患者存活情况及技术层面的问题将在别处讨论。 (参见“夜间血液透析的结局”和“家庭血液透析项目的构成和组织”和“夜间血液透析技术方面的问题”和“Short daily hemodialysis”和“家庭血液透析”)
家用血液透析机的必备条件
家用血液透析机应具备下述特点：
- 易于操作
- 所需存放空间极小
- 不需要改装家中水管或电路
- 可高效利用能源和水(即不会显著增加水电成本)
- 旅行时便于携带
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To continue reading this article, you must log in with your personal, hospital, or group practice subscription. For more information or to purchase a personal subscription, click below on the option that best describes you:Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-02-04.The content on the UpToDate website is not intended nor recommended as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your own physician or other qualified health care professional regarding any medical questions or conditions. The use of this website is governed by the UpToDate Terms of Use ©2017 UpToDate, Inc.References- Kohn OF, Coe FL, Ing TS. Solute kinetics with short-daily home hemodialysis using slow dialysate flow rate. Hemodial Int 2010; 14:39.
- Clark WR, Turk JE Jr. The NxStage System One. Semin Dial 2004; 17:167.
- Leypoldt JK, Kamerath CD, Gilson JF, Friederichs G. Dialyzer clearances and mass transfer-area coefficients for small solutes at low dialysate flow rates. ASAIO J 2006; 52:404.
- Gotch FA. The current place of urea kinetic modelling with respect to different dialysis modalities. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13 Suppl 6:10.
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