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髌骨外侧脱位的识别和初始治疗

Authors
Brian R Moore, MD
Joan Bothner, MD
Section Editors
Anne M Stack, MD
Albert C Hergenroeder, MD
Allan B Wolfson, MD
Deputy Editor
James F Wiley, II, MD, MPH
Translators
李凯, 副主任医师

引言

髌骨外侧脱位最常发生于10-29岁之间[1-3]。损伤的常见机制是膝部屈曲时的扭转运动，其可能发生在跳舞、体操或者挥舞棒球棍的时候[4,5]。膝部的直接创伤也可能导致髌骨脱位。外侧脱位最常见，包括关节内脱位在内的其他髌骨脱位很罕见[1,6]。 (参见下文‘专业术语’和‘损伤的机制’)

髌骨外侧脱位的临床表现、诊断和治疗将总结在此。青少年运动员的膝关节(胫股关节)脱位和其他膝部损伤将单独讨论。 (参见“膝关节(胫股关节)脱位和复位”和“对年轻运动员急性膝关节疼痛或损伤的认识”和“年轻运动员慢性膝痛或膝损伤的处理方法”)

专业术语

髌骨脱位与髌骨半脱位或膝关节脱位不同，如下：

解剖

膝部的解剖将单独详细讨论。 (参见“对年轻运动员急性膝关节疼痛或损伤的认识”)

                  

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-03-15.
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