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松果体肿块

Authors
Maria Moschovi, MD
George P Chrousos, MD
Section Editors
Jay S Loeffler, MD
Patrick Y Wen, MD
Amar Gajjar, MD
Deputy Editor
April F Eichler, MD, MPH
Translators
巩守平, 主任医师，教授

引言

累及松果腺(或松果体)的肿瘤不常见(图 1)。累及松果体病变的分类、临床表现以及一般治疗方法见此专题，重点讨论松果体实质肿瘤(pineal parenchymal tumor, PPT)的治疗。

生殖细胞肿瘤(germ cell tumor, GCT)是松果体区最常见的肿瘤类型，将单独讨论。 (参见“颅内生殖细胞肿瘤”)

流行病学

在欧洲和北美，松果体肿瘤占所有原发脑肿瘤的不足1%[1]。松果体肿瘤在1-12岁儿童较常见，约占脑肿瘤的3%[2]。

相比于西方国家，松果体肿瘤在亚洲国家更常见[3,4]，这一发生率的增加主要是由于GCT的增加所致，在日本和韩国，70%-80%松果体区肿瘤为GCT。

松果体肿瘤明显更常见于男性。通过分析32年期间美国监测、流行病学和最终结果(Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results, SEER)数据库中的633例病例，发现男性松果体肿瘤是女性的3倍[1]；而就GCT而言，男性与女性患者的比例约为12:1。

                                         

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-07-28.
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