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儿科双相障碍的治疗选择概述

Author
David Axelson, MD
Section Editor
David Brent, MD
Deputy Editor
David Solomon, MD
Translators
刘华清, 主任医师，教授

引言

儿童和青少年双相障碍的主要疗法为药物疗法[1]。此外，通常认为辅助性心理治疗也是至关重要的[2]。

在儿科双相障碍患者中开展的研究比成人患者中的少，因此，其治疗通常基于成人研究[3,4]。但青少年和成人对某些药物治疗的反应可能不同。

虽然几乎所有双相障碍青少年患者都需要药物治疗，但近1/3的患者未接受药物治疗[5]。例如，一项为期8年的前瞻性观察性研究纳入115例在社区内接受治疗的躁狂青少年，发现37%的患者从未被开具抗躁狂药物治疗(抗精神病药、锂剂或抗癫痫药)[6]。

此外，双相障碍儿童和青少年患者常得到错误的药物治疗。一项回顾性研究发现：在282例存在或不存在混合特征、接受躁狂治疗的双相障碍患者中，24%被开具了抗抑郁药单药治疗[5]。

本文将总结儿科双相障碍的治疗选择。儿科双相障碍的其他方面将单独讨论，包括使用药物治疗的一般原则，第二代抗精神病药物治疗躁狂的疗效、用法及副作用，辅助心理治疗的疗效及核心要素，儿科双相障碍的评估和诊断，以及该病的流行病学、临床特征和病程：

                            

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-04-27.
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