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肌电图的概述

Author
Steven H Horowitz, MD
Section Editor
Jeremy M Shefner, MD, PhD
Deputy Editor
John F Dashe, MD, PhD
Translators
黄旭升, 主任医师，教授

引言

肌电图(electromyography, EMG)是记录单根或多根肌纤维电活动的临床检查。这些电活动可通过表面电极或针电极记录，针电极在临床上更常用。在插入针电极时、静息状态时(自发活动)和肌肉自主收缩时对肌纤维电活动进行评估[1]。

本专题将总结EMG的基本原理。有关EMG临床应用的详细讨论参见关于各具体疾病的其他专题综述。神经传导研究将在别处讨论。 (参见“神经传导检查概述”和“神经传导检查：晚反应”)

针电极

针电极可测定两点间的电位差，常用的有单极针电极或同心针电极[1]。

●使用单极针电极时，针电极作为电活动的记录点，一定距离外的一个表面电极作为参考电极

●同心针电极的外观很像皮下注射针头，其中心的一根细金属丝作为记录电极，针套管作为参考电极

                                       

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-01-24.
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