新生儿紫绀的概述
- Author
- Eric C Eichenwald, MD
Eric C Eichenwald, MD
- Professor of Pediatrics
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
- Section Editor
- Leonard E Weisman, MD
Leonard E Weisman, MD
- Section Editor — Neonatology
- Professor of Pediatrics
- Baylor College of Medicine
- Deputy Editor
- Melanie S Kim, MD
Melanie S Kim, MD
- Senior Deputy Editor — UpToDate
- Deputy Editor — Pediatrics
- Boston University School of Medicine
- Translators
- 张秋月, 副主任医师
张秋月, 副主任医师
- 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院儿科重症监护病房
引言
紫绀是毛细血管内的还原血红蛋白绝对值超过3g/dL时皮肤或黏膜组织发生的青紫色改变[1-3]。紫绀的发生取决于还原血红蛋白总量，而不是还原血红蛋白与氧合血红蛋白的比值。紫绀是新生儿的常见临床表现。新生儿紫绀(特别是中心性紫绀)可与一些严重和可能危及生命的疾病相关，包括心脏病、代谢病、神经系统疾病、感染性疾病以及实质性和非实质性肺疾病(表 1)。
新生儿紫绀的病因、评估及初始治疗将在此总结。
中心性与周围性紫绀
紫绀有两种不同的发病机制：
●组织氧摄取增加可引起周围性紫绀
●全身动脉去氧饱和可引起中心性紫绀
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