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CT结肠成像概述

Author
Stephan Anderson, MD
Section Editors
Kenneth K Tanabe, MD
Jonathan B Kruskal, MD, PhD
Deputy Editor
Shilpa Grover, MD, MPH, AGAF
Translators
李军, 副主任医师

引言

CT结肠成像(CT colonography或CT colography)也称仿真结肠镜，对充气膨胀的结肠进行计算机腔内虚拟成像[1]。该技术通过常规螺旋CT扫描图像获得不间断的数据集，使用复杂的后处理软件成像，使操作者能够从所选择的任意方向评估清洁后的结肠。

本专题将总结CT结肠成像的准备、技术要点和风险。CT结肠成像在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)筛查和诊断中的有效性将会单独详细讨论。 (参见“结直肠癌的临床表现、诊断和分期”，关于‘CT结肠成像’一节和“结直肠癌的筛查：粪便检测、放射影像学及内镜检查”)

患者选择

适应证 — CT结肠成像的可能适应证包括：

●CRC筛查–CT结肠成像是50岁以上无症状的平均风险个体的一种CRC筛查方法[2,3]。然而，CT结肠成像在筛查CRC中的作用是有争议的。虽然已经达成共识认为CT结肠成像检查不应该用于CRC高危人群的筛查(例如，有腺瘤、炎症性肠病、家族性CRC综合征病史的患者)，但是不同的指南对平均风险患者接受CT结肠成像筛查的推荐不同。CRC筛查指南将会单独详细讨论。 (参见“结直肠癌筛查：一般风险人群的筛查策略”，关于‘一般风险的筛查指南’一节)

●评估同时性CRC–在CRC患者中，若因结肠镜无法通过肿瘤阻塞段而不能进行完整的结肠镜检查，CT结肠成像可排除近端同时性CRC。 (参见“结直肠癌筛查：一般风险人群的筛查策略”，关于‘一般风险的筛查指南’一节)

               

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-05-02.
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