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妊娠期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停

Authors
Judette Louis, MD, MPH
Grace W Pien, MD, MS
Section Editor
Susan M Ramin, MD
Deputy Editors
Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG
Geraldine Finlay, MD
Translators
李玮璟, 主任医师，教授

引言

近些年来，育龄期女性的肥胖患病率已增加，因此，妊娠合并与肥胖有关的共存疾病的患病率也正在增加。 这些共存疾病之一是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea, OSA)；OSA指在睡眠过程中，虽然用力呼吸但仍存在呼吸暂停(无气流或气流严重减少)。OSA的特征是在睡眠过程中，反复发生上气道部分或完全梗阻。梗阻导致气流减少、低氧血症、交感神经放电，以及反复从睡眠中觉醒。中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停(见其他专题)是一种不同的疾病，其定义是因缺乏呼吸用力而导致的气流停止发作。

虽然在妊娠女性和非妊娠女性中OSA的诊断和治疗方法相似，但该病的某些方面是妊娠期特有的。本专题将讨论妊娠期OSA。该讨论因针对妊娠期女性OSA的研究不足而受限；唯一已有的数据来自于病例研究、病例系列研究、小型队列研究和一些小型纵向研究。

非妊娠个体睡眠相关呼吸障碍(如OSA、中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停)的详细讨论见其他专题。

●(参见“成人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停概述”)

●(参见“成人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的临床表现和诊断”)

                                    

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-03-24.
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