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青少年及成人中的非痫性发作性疾病

Authors
Thien T Nguyen, MD, PhD
Peter W Kaplan, MB, FRCP
Section Editor
Timothy A Pedley, MD
Deputy Editor
April F Eichler, MD, MPH
Translators
周立春, 主任医师，副教授

引言

“痫性发作”是指大脑的神经元异常过度放电引起的体征和/或症状短暂出现。癫痫是以反复发作为特征的一种疾病。

据估计，癫痫在人群中的占比为0.5%-1%，但是在癫痫诊所和监测中心就诊的患者中，接近25%并无癫痫[1-4]。对于临床医生来说，识别这类可能类似于癫痫发作的短暂性非痫性事件很重要，以避免采用抗癫痫药物进行不必要的治疗，以及为了适时开始正确的治疗。

痫性发作的症状多种多样。因此，鉴别诊断将根据患者的具体临床表现而不同。显然不需要对任何一位患者考虑所有这些疾病。

可被误诊为癫痫的非痫性发作性事件在不同年龄组中也有明显差异(表 1)。本专题将总结青少年及年轻成人中的非痫性发作性疾病。这些诊断可被分为6大类：

●晕厥

                                

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-09-07.
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