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中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒的治疗与预防

Author
Kenneth McIntosh, MD
Section Editor
Martin S Hirsch, MD
Deputy Editor
Anna R Thorner, MD
Translators
周佩, 主治医师

引言

2012年9月，沙特阿拉伯报道了1例新型冠状病毒感染的病例，患者为男性，表现为肺炎和急性肾损伤，于2012年6月入院[1]。仅数日后，另一份报告称，在另一例急性呼吸综合征伴急性肾损伤患者体内检出了几乎完全相同的病毒[2,3]。第2例患者最初是在卡塔尔出现症状，但其在患病前曾去过沙特阿拉伯，之后在英国寻求治疗[4]。后来又有许多感染病例和聚集性病例的报道。

这种新型冠状病毒最初被称为人冠状病毒-EMC[指Erasmus医学中心(Erasmus Medical Center, EMC)]，后来一直称为中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV)[5]。

关于MERS-CoV的最新资讯可以从世界卫生组织(World Health Organization, WHO)的网站(World Health Organization)和美国疾病预防控制中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)网站(United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)获取。

本文将讨论MERS-CoV的治疗和预防。MERS-CoV的病毒学、流行病学、临床表现及诊断将单独讨论。社区获得性冠状病毒与严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS)冠状病毒见其他专题。 (参见“Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Virology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology”和“中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒的临床表现和诊断”和“冠状病毒”和“严重急性呼吸综合征”)

治疗

与其他冠状病毒相似，尚无推荐用于治疗MERS-CoV感染的抗病毒药物。WHO发布了疑似由MERS-CoV引起的严重呼吸道感染的治疗推荐[6]。 (参见“冠状病毒”，关于‘治疗和预防’一节)

          

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-07-14.
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