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分娩潜伏期

Author
Andrew J Satin, MD, FACOG
Section Editor
Charles J Lockwood, MD, MHCM
Deputy Editor
Vanessa A Barss, MD, FACOG
Translators
滕莉荣, 副教授

引言

正常分娩是指出现规律宫缩，引起宫颈逐步扩张和宫颈管消退以及胎儿下降。正常分娩按时期可分为：潜伏期、活跃期和减速期；按阶段可分为：第一产程、第二产程和第三产程。

本文将总结分娩潜伏期的相关内容。正常分娩和异常分娩的其他方面将单独讨论：

●(参见“正常分娩和产程延长及停滞的概述”)

●(参见“Management of normal labor and delivery”)

诊断

潜伏期 — 分娩的初始阶段被称为潜伏期。它开始于产妇觉察到规律宫缩的那一刻。宫缩让宫颈逐渐变软、宫颈管消退，并使宫颈开始扩张。在这一简单定义之下是一个现代科学尚未完全探明的复杂过程。孕妇从妊娠中期开始就会出现不规律宫缩活动，其宫颈韧性、宫颈位置、宫颈扩张和宫颈管消退情况会在此后几个月的妊娠中逐渐变化[1,2]。这使得难以准确评估潜伏期的开始时间，因为准确判定一名孕妇何时进入潜伏期的主要依据乃是该妇女的病史和主治医生的判断。

           

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-05-11.
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