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注射性软组织填充剂：临床应用概述

Authors
Alastair Carruthers, FRCPC
Jean Carruthers, MD, FRCSC
Shannon Humphrey, MD, FRCPC, FAAD
Section Editors
Jeffrey S Dover, MD, FRCPC
Charles E Butler, MD, FACS
Deputy Editor
Abena O Ofori, MD
Translators
方方, 主任医师，教授

引言

现有多种可供临床应用的注射性软组织填充剂，包括可生物降解的材料(透明质酸、胶原、羟基磷灰石和聚左旋乳酸)、在组织中可无限期保留的材料(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球、水凝胶聚合物及硅胶)，以及存活的自体脂肪。软组织填充剂用于多种美容性或治疗性适应证。就这些填充剂的使用对临床医生进行充分的培训，对于预防不良事件至关重要。

注射性软组织填充剂的适应证实例及治疗的基本原则将总结在此；具体软组织填充剂的有效性、使用及不良反应的详细内容将单独讨论。 (参见“注射性软组织填充剂：暂时性制剂”和“注射性软组织填充剂：永久性填充剂”)

美容方面的应用

面部老化由涉及皮肤及其下组织的变化(如起皱纹、色素沉着异常及血管变化)共同导致。皮下脂肪萎缩及移位导致的组织体积不断减少，以及骨萎缩导致的结构性支撑减少，都在很大程度上促进面部老化[1-3]。

软组织填充剂可通过代替丢失的组织体积并填充、撑平粗糙的皱纹，以帮助恢复年轻的外貌。可使用软组织填充剂治疗的年龄相关性特征的实例包括(图 1)：

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-02-07.
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