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黑人高血压并发症

Author
Norman M Kaplan, MD
Section Editor
George L Bakris, MD
Deputy Editor
John P Forman, MD, MSc
Translators
耿小勇, 副主任医师，副教授

引言

在黑人中，高血压往往更常见且更严重(图 1)[1]。此外，黑人从高血压前期到高血压的进展速度更快[2]。因为环境和遗传因素的相对重要性尚未确定，所以上述现象的原因尚未完全了解[3,4]。高血压的治疗将单独讨论。 (参见“黑人高血压的治疗”)

黑人中高血压的重要危险因素包括：

●较低的社会经济地位

●摄入高钠/低钾膳食

另一种可能的机制为导致婴儿低出生体重的母体营养不良，该机制也与较低的社会经济阶层有关。低出生体重与成年期高血压风险增加有关，可能部分由于肾脏生长受损[5]。相关的肾脏发育减少及起作用的肾单位减少可能促使个体易于发生终末期肾病(end-stage renal disease,ESRD)[5]。 (参见“低出生体重在原发性(特发性)高血压发病机制中的可能作用”)

      

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-12-05.
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