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诊断性膀胱尿道镜检查在妇科疾病中的应用

Authors
Cynthia S Fok, MD, MPH
Kimberly Kenton, MD, MS, FACOG, FACS
Section Editor
Linda Brubaker, MD, FACOG
Deputy Editor
Kristen Eckler, MD, FACOG
Translators
周凯, 副主任医师，副教授

引言

膀胱尿道镜通常由泌尿科医生、泌尿妇科医生和妇科医生使用。在妇科临床实践中，膀胱尿道镜评估手术相关的下泌尿道损伤尤其有用。膀胱尿道镜最初由德国的Philipp Bozzini医生于1805年发明并将其用于检查女性尿道和膀胱，美国的妇科医生Howard Kelly于1894年将其完善为可视化检查[1,2]。目前，膀胱尿道镜检查已被列入大多数美国妇科住院医师的培训项目[3-5]。

女性生殖道与下泌尿道在解剖学和胚胎学上密切相关。因此，很多疾病或医疗操作如：盆腔器官脱垂相关的尿失禁、泌尿生殖道瘘、妇科恶性肿瘤转移、子宫内膜异位症及子宫切除术或盆底重建术等可同时影响两者。

膀胱尿道镜通常简称为膀胱镜，本文将使用该术语。

本文将总结膀胱镜检查在妇科下泌尿道损伤中的应用妇科手术中下泌尿道损伤的预防、评估和处理，以及输尿管支架的放置，见其他专题。 (参见“妇科手术中泌尿道损伤的预防”和“妇科手术中的尿路损伤：评估和处理”和“输尿管支架的放置与管理”)

适应证

本节将讨论膀胱镜检查的妇科适应证。这些适应证与泌尿科的膀胱镜检查适应证会有部分重叠。

                            

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-07-29.
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