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儿童阴茎头包皮炎：临床表现、诊断及治疗

Authors
Matthew Tews, DO
Jonathan I Singer, MD
Section Editors
Gary R Fleisher, MD
Laurence S Baskin, MD, FAAP
Deputy Editor
James F Wiley, II, MD, MPH

引言

阴茎头包皮炎是指未行包皮环切术的男性阴茎头及包皮的炎症(图片 1和图片 2)。尽管儿童阴茎头包皮炎的病因是多方面的，但通常是由于卫生状况差造成的，这有时会继发感染。 (参见下文‘刺激性非特异性阴茎头包皮炎’)

大多数阴茎头包皮炎的患者经过一般治疗后症状会完全消退。对于特定病例，可能有指征进行局部或口服抗生素治疗。对于存在急性泌尿道梗阻、病程迁延和难治、复发或进展为病理性包茎的患者，应进行小儿泌尿科会诊。 (参见“未行包皮环切的阴茎的护理”，关于‘病理性包茎’一节)

阴茎头炎(仅阴茎头处的炎症)通常与尿布皮炎共同发生于幼儿(无论是否接受过包皮环切手术)。针对最可能病因进行的局部护理和治疗起效快，并且类似于阴茎头包皮炎的护理和治疗。

阴茎头炎和阴茎头包皮炎必须与性传播的、提示全身性疾病或癌前期等病变相鉴别。这些病变在青少年及成人中更常见。然而，对于发生在青春期前的儿童虐待受害者中的性传播感染则需要保持警惕以正确识别。 (参见“Evaluation of sexual abuse in children and adolescents”)

本专题将阐述儿童阴茎头包皮炎的临床表现、诊断及治疗。其流行病学和发病机制将单独讨论。 (参见“儿童阴茎头包皮炎：流行病学和发病机制”)

                         

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2015-10-01.
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