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成人复发性感染概述

Author
Mark S Pasternack, MD
Section Editor
E Richard Stiehm, MD
Deputy Editor
Anna M Feldweg, MD
Translators
王晓辉, 副主任医师

引言

因复发性感染就诊的成人患者给全科医师造成了两难的处境。对于大多数病例，感染原因是继发性的，例如解剖学结构异常。然而，有时也会发现其他医疗状况引起的免疫缺陷，但成人的原发性免疫缺陷比较罕见。针对成年复发性感染患者的初步处理将在此讨论，并将讨论在评估特定解剖学部位复发性感染时应考虑的非免疫系统疾病，且将简要总结成人中的免疫缺陷。用于评估免疫系统不同成分的实验室检查见其他专题。 (参见“免疫系统的实验室评估”)

病因学概述

在成人中，复发性感染通常是由于解剖学病变或继发于免疫抑制。

当评估成人复发性感染时，考虑以下几大类病因有所帮助：

●解剖学病变(无论是先天性的还是获得性的)和影响特定器官功能的疾病，都是导致成人复发性感染的重要原因(表 1)。

●继发于其他医疗状况或其治疗的免疫功能紊乱，比原发性免疫缺陷更常引起复发性感染(表 2)。 (参见下文‘继发性免疫缺陷’)

                                    

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-01-25.
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