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儿童偏头痛的急性期治疗

Author
Robert P Cruse, DO
Section Editors
Marc C Patterson, MD, FRACP
Jerry W Swanson, MD, MHPE
Deputy Editor
John F Dashe, MD, PhD
Translators
兰莉, 副主任医师，副教授

引言

偏头痛是儿童中最常见的急性、复发性头痛综合征，其特点为头痛周期性发作，伴恶心、呕吐、腹痛，并且症状随睡眠缓解。

偏头痛的治疗由一般措施、顿挫性治疗和预防性治疗组成。一名患者可能需要上述这3种方法都采用。遗憾的是，有关儿童和青少年偏头痛治疗的随机对照盲法试验资料尚不足[1-3]。因此，大多数治疗推荐都是基于成人中的经验。

本文将总结儿童偏头痛的急性期治疗。儿科偏头痛的其他方面内容将单独讨论。 (参见“儿童偏头痛分类”和“儿童偏头痛的病理生理学、临床特征和诊断”和“儿童偏头痛的预防性治疗”)

治疗方法

急性偏头痛治疗的一般原则包括以下内容：

●对儿童和家属进行偏头痛方面的教育是治疗的一个重要方面。应坚持记录头痛日历，以确定诱发因素、明确发作特点，并帮助评估治疗效果[4]； 如果明确了诱发因素(如，应激、睡眠习惯不良、饮食不规律或气味)，应尽可能予以避免。适用于儿童的头痛日记，可从波士顿儿童医院网站下载。

                      

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Literature review current through: 2017-07 . | This topic last updated: 2017-03-27.
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