UpToDate
Official reprint from UpToDate®
www.uptodate.com ©2017 UpToDate®

儿童急性呼吸窘迫的紧急评估和初始稳定措施

Author
Debra L Weiner, MD, PhD
Section Editor
Gary R Fleisher, MD
Deputy Editor
James F Wiley, II, MD, MPH
Translators
王亚亭, 主任医师,教授

引言

本专题将总结儿童急性呼吸窘迫的紧急评估和初始稳定措施。

呼吸和循环窘迫儿童的初始评估和稳定措施、基础气道管理、紧急气管插管、快速诱导插管(rapid sequence intubation, RSI)、儿童呼吸功能损害的原因,以及引起新生儿呼吸窘迫的情况将单独讨论:

(参见“呼吸或循环功能损害儿童的初始评估和稳定措施”)

(参见“Basic airway management in children”)

(参见“儿童急诊气管插管”)

                    

Subscribers log in here

To continue reading this article, you must log in with your personal, hospital, or group practice subscription. For more information or to purchase a personal subscription, click below on the option that best describes you:
Literature review current through: 2017-07 . | This topic last updated: 2016-12-12.
The content on the UpToDate website is not intended nor recommended as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your own physician or other qualified health care professional regarding any medical questions or conditions. The use of this website is governed by the UpToDate Terms of Use ©2017 UpToDate, Inc.
References
Top
  1. Krauss BS, Harakal T, Fleisher GR. The spectrum and frequency of illness presenting to a pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care 1991; 7:67.
  2. Donoghue AJ, Nadkarni V, Berg RA, et al. Out-of-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest: an epidemiologic review and assessment of current knowledge. Ann Emerg Med 2005; 46:512.
  3. Gerein RB, Osmond MH, Stiell IG, et al. What are the etiology and epidemiology of out-of-hospital pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest in Ontario, Canada? Acad Emerg Med 2006; 13:653.
  4. Nadkarni VM, Larkin GL, Peberdy MA, et al. First documented rhythm and clinical outcome from in-hospital cardiac arrest among children and adults. JAMA 2006; 295:50.
  5. McNally B, Robb R, Mehta M, et al. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest surveillance --- Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES), United States, October 1, 2005--December 31, 2010. MMWR Surveill Summ 2011; 60:1.
  6. Recognition of respiratory distress and failure. In: Pediatric Advanced Life Support Provider Manual. Chameides L, et al (Eds), American Heart Association, Dallas, 2011, p.37.
  7. O'Dempsey TJ, Laurence BE, McArdle TF, et al. The effect of temperature reduction on respiratory rate in febrile illnesses. Arch Dis Child 1993; 68:492.
  8. Gadomski AM, Permutt T, Stanton B. Correcting respiratory rate for the presence of fever. J Clin Epidemiol 1994; 47:1043.
  9. Margolis P, Gadomski A. The rational clinical examination. Does this infant have pneumonia? JAMA 1998; 279:308.
  10. Poets CF, Southall DP. Noninvasive monitoring of oxygenation in infants and children: practical considerations and areas of concern. Pediatrics 1994; 93:737.
  11. Dieckmann RA. Pediatric assessment. In: APLS: The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Resource, Gausche-Hill M, Fuchs S, Yamamoto L (Eds), Jones and Bartlett, Sudbury 2004. p.20.