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儿童急性肝衰竭：治疗

Author
Robert H Squires, Jr, MD, FAAP
Section Editors
Elizabeth B Rand, MD
Adrienne G Randolph, MD, MSc
Deputy Editor
Alison G Hoppin, MD
Translators
王宇芳, 副主任医师

引言

儿童急性肝衰竭(pediatric acute liver failure, PALF)是一种病情复杂、进展迅速的临床综合征，是多种不同病因的共同转归，有些病因明确，有些病因仍有待确定[1-3]。在美国所有年龄段人群中，急性肝衰竭(acute liver failure, ALF)的年发生率估计约为17/100,000，但在儿童中的发病率未知。据统计，美国每年儿童肝移植中PALF的占比为10%-15%。

PALF临床进展迅速。目前尚无效能充分的研究来统一诊断流程，评估关于疾病严重程度和病程的标记物，以及指导关于肝移植的决策。临床医生需要制定个体化诊断方法与治疗策略，而治疗需要多学科团队的共同参与，其中要包括肝病学专家、危重病医疗专家以及肝移植外科医生。

本专题将讨论PALF及其在儿童中并发症的治疗。PALF病因的诊断方法参见其他专题。 (参见“儿童急性肝衰竭：病因及评估”)

成人ALF参见其他专题。 (参见“成人急性肝功能衰竭：病因、临床表现和诊断”和“成人急性肝衰竭：处理与预后”)

一般治疗原则

在初始明确了患者表现后，就要在多个方面给予患者恰当的干预[2,3]：

                            

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2016-10-12.
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References
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