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儿童急性肝衰竭：病因及评估

Author
Robert H Squires, Jr, MD, FAAP
Section Editor
Elizabeth B Rand, MD
Deputy Editor
Alison G Hoppin, MD
Translators
吴晓燕, 主治医师

引言

儿科急性肝衰竭(pediatric acute liver failure, PALF)是一种复杂的、进展迅速的临床综合征，是许多迥然不同的疾病(其中一些已知，另一些有待确定)的最终共同通路[1-3]。在美国，所有年龄组中急性肝衰竭(acute liver failure, ALF)的估计发病频率约为每年17例/100,000人，但是儿童的发病频率尚不清楚。在美国，PALF占每年进行的儿科肝移植中的10%-15%。

PALF是一种进展迅速的临床疾病。目前尚无足够有力的研究可以告知这一疾病的诊断流程、评估疾病严重程度和发展轨迹的标志物或指导关于肝脏移植(liver transplantation, LT)的决策。临床医生必须制定个体化的诊断方案和治疗策略。治疗需要包括肝脏疾病专科医生、重症医疗专科医生及肝脏移植外科医生在内的多学科小组。

当PALF儿童首次就诊时面对的紧迫临床问题包括：

●患儿的疾病是可治疗的吗？

●当患儿保留原有肝脏生存时，每日恶化或改善的风险是什么？

                               

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Literature review current through: 2017-06 . | This topic last updated: 2017-06-20.
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