Medline ® Abstract for Reference 2
of 'Toll-like receptors: Roles in disease and therapy'
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Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
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Kumar H, Kawai T, Akira S
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Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009;388(4):621.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved innate receptors expressed in various immune and non-immune cells of the mammalian host. TLRs play a crucial role in defending against pathogenic microbial infection through the induction of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. Furthermore, TLRs also play roles in shaping pathogen-specific humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. In this review, we describe the recent advances in pathogen recognition by TLRs and TLR signaling.
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Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
PMID