Hypersensitivity reaction to cisplatin during chemoradiation therapy for gynecologic malignancy

Am J Clin Oncol. 2002 Dec;25(6):625-6. doi: 10.1097/00000421-200212000-00020.

Abstract

Hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous cisplatin are rare. The appearance of hypersensitivity reactions in 4 of 25 consecutive patients treated with concomitant pelvic radiation and weekly intravenous cisplatin for gynecologic malignancies is reported. The reactions appeared within hours of cisplatin delivery and included primarily fever, rash, and pruritus. Infection was ruled out by blood cultures and other laboratory studies. Affected patients were treated prophylactically with an antihistamine before subsequent courses of cisplatin, with excellent results. The high rate of hypersensitivity reactions in our series may be attributable to tumor necrosis and cytokine release caused by the pelvic irradiation. Clinicians should be aware of this potential side effect so that early premedication regimens can be instituted to prevent unnecessary toxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects*
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / etiology*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Female
  • Genital Neoplasms, Female / drug therapy*
  • Genital Neoplasms, Female / radiotherapy*
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / adverse effects*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / radiotherapy

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
  • Cisplatin